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【YOLOv13多模态融合改进】_CGAFusion-内容引导的注意力融合模块,空间权重引导的多模态特征自适应融合_多模态特征融合模块-

【YOLOv13多模态融合改进】| CGA Fusion:内容引导的注意力融合模块,空间权重引导的多模态特征自适应融合

一、本文介绍

本文记录的是利用 CGA Fusion 模块改进 YOLOv13 的多模态融合部分

CGAFusion (Content-Guided Attention Fusion)通过 内容引导注意力生成空间权重 引导高低层特征的自适应融合 。本文利用 CGA Fusion 模块,通过内容引 导注意力生成空间权重,自适应地融合两个模态的特征 在特征融合阶段实现跨模态语义对齐与噪声抑制 ,增强对不同模态互补特征的利用能力,从而提升模型在多模态场景下的检测鲁棒性与准确性。



二、CGA Fusion模块介绍

DEA-Net: Single image dehazing based on detail-enhanced convolution and content-guided attention

2.1 CGA模块(Content-Guided Attention)

2.1.1 设计出发点

传统注意力机制(如FAM、CBAM)存在两大缺陷:

  • 无法处理特征级雾霾不均匀性 :现有方法仅关注图像级雾霾分布(如空间注意力),忽略特征级通道间的雾霾差异。不同通道的特征编码不同语义(如边缘、纹理),需独立分配空间重要性图(SIM)。
  • 通道与空间注意力缺乏交互 :传统模块(如FAM)顺序计算通道和空间注意力,未融合两者信息,导致特征校准不全面。

目标 :生成 通道特定的空间重要性图(Channel-specific SIM) ,同时融合通道与空间注意力,提升特征表示能力。

2.1.2 原理与结构

CGA采用 粗到细(Coarse-to-Fine) 的两阶段注意力生成机制,结构如图所示:

  • 阶段1:生成粗粒度SIM( W c o a W_{coa} W co a

    • 通道注意力( W c W_c W c :通过全局平均池化(GAP)压缩空间维度,经两层1×1卷积生成通道权重,强调关键通道。
    • 空间注意力( W s W_s W s :对通道维度进行GAP和全局最大池化(GMP),经7×7卷积生成空间重要性图,捕捉图像级雾霾分布。
    • 融合粗粒度SIM :通过元素相加融合 W c W_c W c W s W_s W s ,得到初步的通道共享空间注意力图 W c o a W_{coa} W co a
  • 阶段2:细化为通道特定SIM((W))

    • 通道洗牌(Channel Shuffle) :将输入特征 X X X W c o a W_{coa} W co a 按通道交替排列,促进跨通道信息交互。
    • 组卷积(Group Convolution) :通过7×7组卷积(组数等于通道数),利用输入特征内容引导每个通道的SIM细化,生成最终通道特定的 W W W

公式总结
W c o a = W c + W s , W = σ ( G C 7 × 7 ( C S ( [ X , W c o a ] ) ) ) , \begin{aligned} W_{coa} &= W_c + W_s, \\ W &= \sigma\left(\mathcal{G}C_{7×7}\left(CS\left([X, W_{coa}]\right)\right)\right), \end{aligned} W co a W = W c + W s , = σ ( G C 7 × 7 ( CS ( [ X , W co a ] ) ) ) ,
其中 σ \sigma σ 为Sigmoid激活函数, C S ( ⋅ ) CS(\cdot) CS ( ) 为通道洗牌, G C \mathcal{G}C G C 为组卷积。

在这里插入图片描述

2.1.3 优势

  • 通道特异性 :为每个通道分配唯一SIM,精准捕捉不同通道的雾霾分布差异(如纹理丰富区域 vs. 平滑区域),避免传统单通道SIM的语义混淆。
  • 信息交互 :融合通道与空间注意力,通过内容引导(输入特征 X X X )动态调整注意力权重,提升特征表达的灵活性。

2.2 CGA Fusion模块(CGA-Based Mixup Fusion Scheme)

2.2.1 设计出发点

传统特征融合(如相加、拼接)存在 感受野不匹配问题

  • 浅层特征(低层次,如边缘)与深层特征(高层次,如语义)的感受野差异显著,简单融合无法有效对齐信息。
  • 现有混合融合(Mixup)依赖固定权重或自学习标量权重,未考虑空间位置差异。

目标 :利用CGA生成的空间权重,自适应融合高低层特征,解决感受野不匹配并增强梯度流通。

2.2.2 原理与结构

模块结构如图所示:

  • 输入 :编码器的低层特征( F l o w F_{low} F l o w )和解码器的高层特征( F h i g h F_{high} F hi g h )。
  • 注意力权重生成 :将 F l o w F_{low} F l o w F h i g h F_{high} F hi g h 输入CGA,生成空间权重 W W W (范围0-1),其中每个像素值表示低层特征的融合比例。
  • 加权融合
    F fuse = C 1 × 1 ( F l o w ⋅ W + F h i g h ⋅ ( 1 − W ) + F l o w + F h i g h ) , F_{\text{fuse}} = \mathcal{C}_{1×1}\left(F_{low} \cdot W + F_{high} \cdot (1-W) + F_{low} + F_{high}\right), F fuse = C 1 × 1 ( F l o w W + F hi g h ( 1 W ) + F l o w + F hi g h ) ,
    其中 C 1 × 1 \mathcal{C}_{1×1} C 1 × 1 为1×1卷积,用于特征投影。通过 W W W 动态调节高低层特征的贡献,并通过跳跃连接( F l o w + F h i g h F_{low} + F_{high} F l o w + F hi g h )缓解梯度消失。

在这里插入图片描述

2.2.3 优势

  • 自适应融合 :空间权重 W W W 根据特征内容动态调整,例如在边缘区域增强低层特征,在语义区域侧重高层特征,解决感受野不匹配。
  • 梯度优化 :跳跃连接和加权求和机制增强了浅层到深层的信息流动,提升训练稳定性,PSNR较传统Mixup提升0.23 dB。

论文: https://export.arxiv.org/pdf/2301.04805
源码: https://github.com/cecret3350/DEA-Net

三、CGA Fusion的实现代码

CGA Fusion 的实现代码如下:

import torch.nn as nn
import torch
from einops import rearrange

def autopad(k, p=None, d=1):  # kernel, padding, dilation
    """Pad to 'same' shape outputs."""
    if d > 1:
        k = d * (k - 1) + 1 if isinstance(k, int) else [d * (x - 1) + 1 for x in k]  # actual kernel-size
    if p is None:
        p = k // 2 if isinstance(k, int) else [x // 2 for x in k]  # auto-pad
    return p

class Conv(nn.Module):
    """Standard convolution with args(ch_in, ch_out, kernel, stride, padding, groups, dilation, activation)."""

    default_act = nn.SiLU()  # default activation

    def __init__(self, c1, c2, k=1, s=1, p=None, g=1, d=1, act=True):
        """Initialize Conv layer with given arguments including activation."""
        super().__init__()
        self.conv = nn.Conv2d(c1, c2, k, s, autopad(k, p, d), groups=g, dilation=d, bias=False)
        self.bn = nn.BatchNorm2d(c2)
        self.act = self.default_act if act is True else act if isinstance(act, nn.Module) else nn.Identity()

    def forward(self, x):
        """Apply convolution, batch normalization and activation to input tensor."""
        return self.act(self.bn(self.conv(x)))

    def forward_fuse(self, x):
        """Perform transposed convolution of 2D data."""
        return self.act(self.conv(x))

class SpatialAttention_CGA(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(SpatialAttention_CGA, self).__init__()
        self.sa = nn.Conv2d(2, 1, 7, padding=3, padding_mode='reflect' ,bias=True)

    def forward(self, x):
        x_avg = torch.mean(x, dim=1, keepdim=True)
        x_max, _ = torch.max(x, dim=1, keepdim=True)
        x2 = torch.concat([x_avg, x_max], dim=1)
        sattn = self.sa(x2)
        return sattn

class ChannelAttention_CGA(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, dim, reduction = 8):
        super(ChannelAttention_CGA, self).__init__()
        self.gap = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
        self.ca = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(dim, dim // reduction, 1, padding=0, bias=True),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(dim // reduction, dim, 1, padding=0, bias=True),
        )

    def forward(self, x):
        x_gap = self.gap(x)
        cattn = self.ca(x_gap)
        return cattn

class PixelAttention_CGA(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, dim):
        super(PixelAttention_CGA, self).__init__()
        self.pa2 = nn.Conv2d(2 * dim, dim, 7, padding=3, padding_mode='reflect' ,groups=dim, bias=True)
        self.sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()

    def forward(self, x, pattn1):
        B, C, H, W = x.shape
        x = x.unsqueeze(dim=2) # B, C, 1, H, W
        pattn1 = pattn1.unsqueeze(dim=2) # B, C, 1, H, W
        x2 = torch.cat([x, pattn1], dim=2) # B, C, 2, H, W
        x2 = rearrange(x2, 'b c t h w -> b (c t) h w')
        pattn2 = self.pa2(x2)
        pattn2 = self.sigmoid(pattn2)
        return pattn2

class CGAFusion(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, dim, reduction=8):
        super(CGAFusion, self).__init__()
        self.sa = SpatialAttention_CGA()
        self.ca = ChannelAttention_CGA(dim, reduction)
        self.pa = PixelAttention_CGA(dim)
        self.conv = nn.Conv2d(dim, dim, 1, bias=True)
        self.sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()

    def forward(self, data):
        x, y = data
        initial = x + y
        cattn = self.ca(initial)
        sattn = self.sa(initial)
        pattn1 = sattn + cattn
        pattn2 = self.sigmoid(self.pa(initial, pattn1))
        result = initial + pattn2 * x + (1 - pattn2) * y
        result = self.conv(result)
        return result

四、融合步骤

5.1 修改一

① 在 ultralytics/nn/ 目录下新建 AddModules 文件夹用于存放模块代码

② 在 AddModules 文件夹下新建 CGAFusion .py ,将 第三节 中的代码粘贴到此处

在这里插入图片描述

5.2 修改二

AddModules 文件夹下新建 __init__.py (已有则不用新建),在文件内导入模块: from .CGAFusion import *

在这里插入图片描述

5.3 修改三

ultralytics/nn/modules/tasks.py 文件中,需要在两处位置添加各模块类名称。

首先:导入模块

在这里插入图片描述

其次:在 parse_model函数 中注册 CGAFusion 模块

在这里插入图片描述

        elif m in {CGAFusion}:
            c2 = ch[f[0]]
            args = [c2]

在这里插入图片描述

最后将 ultralytics/utils/torch_utils.py 中的 get_flops 函数中的 stride 指定为 640

在这里插入图片描述


五、yaml模型文件

5.1 中期融合⭐

📌 此模型的修方法是将原本的中期融合中的Add融合部分换成CGAFusion,融合骨干部分的多模态信息。

ch: 6
nc: 80 # number of classes
scales: # model compound scaling constants, i.e. 'model=yolov13n.yaml' will call yolov13.yaml with scale 'n'
  # [depth, width, max_channels]
  n: [0.50, 0.25, 1024]   # Nano
  s: [0.50, 0.50, 1024]   # Small
  l: [1.00, 1.00, 512]    # Large
  x: [1.00, 1.50, 512]    # Extra Large

backbone:
  # [from, repeats, module, args]
  - [-1, 1, IN, []]  # 0
  - [-1, 1, Multiin, [1]]  # 1
  - [-2, 1, Multiin, [2]]  # 2

  - [1, 1, Conv,  [64, 3, 2]] # 3-P1/2
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [128, 3, 2, 1, 2]] # 4-P2/4
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2,  [256, False, 0.25]]
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [256, 3, 2, 1, 4]] # 6-P3/8
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2,  [512, True]]
  - [-1, 1, DSConv,  [512, 3, 2]] # 8-P4/16
  - [-1, 4, A2C2f, [512, True, 4]]
  - [-1, 1, DSConv,  [1024, 3, 2]] # 10-P5/32
  - [-1, 4, A2C2f, [1024, True, 1]] # 11

  - [2, 1, Conv,  [64, 3, 2]] # 12-P1/2
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [128, 3, 2, 1, 2]] # 13-P2/4
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2,  [256, False, 0.25]]
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [256, 3, 2, 1, 4]] # 15-P3/8
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2,  [512, True]]
  - [-1, 1, DSConv,  [512, 3, 2]] # 17-P4/16
  - [-1, 4, A2C2f, [512, True, 4]]
  - [-1, 1, DSConv,  [1024, 3, 2]] # 19-P5/32
  - [-1, 4, A2C2f, [1024, True, 1]] # 20

  - [[7, 16], 1, CGAFusion, []]  # 21 cat backbone P3
  - [[9, 18], 1, CGAFusion, []]  # 22 cat backbone P4
  - [[11, 20], 1, CGAFusion, []]  # 23 cat backbone P5

head:
  - [[21, 22, 23], 2, HyperACE, [512, 8, True, True, 0.5, 1, "both"]]
  - [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]]
  - [ 24, 1, DownsampleConv, []]
  - [[22, 24], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]  # 27     
  - [[21, 25], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]  # 28    
  - [[23, 26], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []] # 29 

  - [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]]
  - [[-1, 27], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat backbone P4
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2, [512, True]] # 32
  - [[-1, 24], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]  # 33

  - [32, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]]
  - [[-1, 28], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat backbone P3
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2, [256, True]] # 36
  - [25, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]]
  - [[36, 37], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]  # 38

  - [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]]
  - [[-1, 33], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat head P4
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2, [512, True]] # 41
  - [[-1, 24], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]

  - [41, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]]
  - [[-1, 29], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat head P5
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2, [1024,True]] # 45 (P5/32-large)
  - [[-1, 26], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]

  - [[38, 42, 46], 1, Detect, [nc]] # Detect(P3, P4, P5)

5.2 后期融合⭐

📌 此模型的修方法是将原本的后期融合中的Add融合部分换成CGAFusion,融合颈部部分的多模态信息。

ch: 6
nc: 80 # number of classes
scales: # model compound scaling constants, i.e. 'model=yolov13n.yaml' will call yolov13.yaml with scale 'n'
  # [depth, width, max_channels]
  n: [0.50, 0.25, 1024]   # Nano
  s: [0.50, 0.50, 1024]   # Small
  l: [1.00, 1.00, 512]    # Large
  x: [1.00, 1.50, 512]    # Extra Large

backbone:
  # [from, repeats, module, args]
  - [-1, 1, IN, []]  # 0
  - [-1, 1, Multiin, [1]]  # 1
  - [-2, 1, Multiin, [2]]  # 2

  - [1, 1, Conv,  [64, 3, 2]] # 3-P1/2
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [128, 3, 2, 1, 2]] # 4-P2/4
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2,  [256, False, 0.25]]
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [256, 3, 2, 1, 4]] # 6-P3/8
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2,  [512, True]]
  - [-1, 1, DSConv,  [512, 3, 2]] # 8-P4/16
  - [-1, 4, A2C2f, [512, True, 4]]
  - [-1, 1, DSConv,  [1024, 3, 2]] # 10-P5/32
  - [-1, 4, A2C2f, [1024, True, 1]] # 11

  - [2, 1, Conv,  [64, 3, 2]] # 12-P1/2
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [128, 3, 2, 1, 2]] # 13-P2/4
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2,  [256, False, 0.25]]
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [256, 3, 2, 1, 4]] # 15-P3/8
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2,  [512, True]]
  - [-1, 1, DSConv,  [512, 3, 2]] # 17-P4/16
  - [-1, 4, A2C2f, [512, True, 4]]
  - [-1, 1, DSConv,  [1024, 3, 2]] # 19-P5/32
  - [-1, 4, A2C2f, [1024, True, 1]] # 20

head:
  - [[7, 9, 11], 2, HyperACE, [512, 8, True, True, 0.5, 1, "both"]]
  - [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]]
  - [ 21, 1, DownsampleConv, []]
  - [[9, 21], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]  # 24     
  - [[7, 22], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]  # 25    
  - [[11, 23], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []] # 26 

  - [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]]
  - [[-1, 24], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat backbone P4
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2, [512, True]] # 29
  - [[-1, 21], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]  # 30

  - [29, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]]
  - [[-1, 25], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat backbone P3
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2, [256, True]] # 33
  - [22, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]]
  - [[33, 34], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]  # 35

  - [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]]
  - [[-1, 30], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat head P4
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2, [512, True]] # 38
  - [[-1, 21], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]

  - [38, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]]
  - [[-1, 26], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat head P5
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2, [1024,True]] # 42 (P5/32-large)
  - [[-1, 23], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]

  - [[16, 18, 20], 2, HyperACE, [512, 8, True, True, 0.5, 1, "both"]]
  - [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]]
  - [ 44, 1, DownsampleConv, []]
  - [[18, 44], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]  # 47     
  - [[16, 45], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]  # 48    
  - [[20, 46], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []] # 49 

  - [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]]
  - [[-1, 47], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat backbone P4
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2, [512, True]] # 52
  - [[-1, 44], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]  # 53

  - [52, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]]
  - [[-1, 48], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat backbone P3
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2, [256, True]] # 56
  - [45, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]]
  - [[56, 57], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]  # 58

  - [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]]
  - [[-1, 53], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat head P4
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2, [512, True]] # 61
  - [[-1, 44], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]

  - [61, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]]
  - [[-1, 49], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat head P5
  - [-1, 2, DSC3k2, [1024,True]] # 65 (P5/32-large)
  - [[-1, 46], 1, FullPAD_Tunnel, []]

  - [[35, 58], 1, CGAFusion, []]  # 67 cat backbone P3
  - [[39, 62], 1, CGAFusion, []]  # 68 cat backbone P4
  - [[43, 66], 1, CGAFusion, []]  # 69 cat backbone P5

  - [[67, 68, 69], 1, Detect, [nc]] # Detect(P3, P4, P5)


六、成功运行结果

打印网络模型可以看到不同的融合层已经加入到模型中,并可以进行训练了。

YOLOv13-mid-CGAFusion

YOLOv13-mid-CGAFusion summary: 959 layers, 3,723,451 parameters, 3,723,435 gradients, 10.4 GFLOPs

                   from  n    params  module                                       arguments
  0                  -1  1         0  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.multimodal.IN      []
  1                  -1  1         0  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.multimodal.Multiin [1]
  2                  -2  1         0  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.multimodal.Multiin [2]
  3                   1  1       464  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [3, 16, 3, 2]
  4                  -1  1      2368  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [16, 32, 3, 2, 1, 2]
  5                  -1  1      5792  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [32, 64, 1, False, 0.25]
  6                  -1  1      9344  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [64, 64, 3, 2, 1, 4]
  7                  -1  1     74368  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [64, 128, 1, True]
  8                  -1  1     17792  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.DSConv           [128, 128, 3, 2]
  9                  -1  2    180864  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.A2C2f.A2C2f        [128, 128, 2, True, 4]
 10                  -1  1     34432  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.DSConv           [128, 256, 3, 2]
 11                  -1  2    689408  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.A2C2f.A2C2f        [256, 256, 2, True, 1]
 12                   2  1       464  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [3, 16, 3, 2]
 13                  -1  1      2368  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [16, 32, 3, 2, 1, 2]
 14                  -1  1      5792  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [32, 64, 1, False, 0.25]
 15                  -1  1      9344  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [64, 64, 3, 2, 1, 4]
 16                  -1  1     74368  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [64, 128, 1, True]
 17                  -1  1     17792  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.DSConv           [128, 128, 3, 2]
 18                  -1  2    180864  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.A2C2f.A2C2f        [128, 128, 2, True, 4]
 19                  -1  1     34432  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.DSConv           [128, 256, 3, 2]
 20                  -1  2    689408  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.A2C2f.A2C2f        [256, 256, 2, True, 1]
 21             [7, 16]  1     33523  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.CGAFusion.CGAFusion[128]
 22             [9, 18]  1     33523  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.CGAFusion.CGAFusion[128]
 23            [11, 20]  1    107907  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.CGAFusion.CGAFusion[256]
 24        [21, 22, 23]  1    273536  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.HyperACE        [128, 128, 1, 4, True, True, 0.5, 1, 'both']
 25                  -1  1         0  torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample         [None, 2, 'nearest']
 26                  24  1     33280  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DownsampleConv  [128]
 27            [22, 24]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 28            [21, 25]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 29            [23, 26]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 30                  -1  1         0  torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample         [None, 2, 'nearest']
 31            [-1, 27]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]
 32                  -1  1    115328  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [384, 128, 1, True]
 33            [-1, 24]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 34                  32  1         0  torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample         [None, 2, 'nearest']
 35            [-1, 28]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]
 36                  -1  1     35136  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [256, 64, 1, True]
 37                  25  1      8320  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [128, 64, 1, 1]
 38            [36, 37]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 39                  -1  1     36992  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [64, 64, 3, 2]
 40            [-1, 33]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]
 41                  -1  1     90752  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [192, 128, 1, True]
 42            [-1, 24]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 43                  41  1    147712  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [128, 128, 3, 2]
 44            [-1, 29]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]
 45                  -1  1    345344  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [384, 256, 1, True]
 46            [-1, 26]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 47        [38, 42, 46]  1    432427  ultralytics.nn.modules.head.Detect           [9, [64, 128, 256]]
YOLOv13-mid-CGAFusion summary: 959 layers, 3,723,451 parameters, 3,723,435 gradients, 10.4 GFLOPs

YOLOv13-late-CGAFusion

YOLOv13-late-CGAFusion summary: 1,242 layers, 4,788,026 parameters, 4,788,010 gradients, 12.6 GFLOPs

                   from  n    params  module                                       arguments
  0                  -1  1         0  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.multimodal.IN      []
  1                  -1  1         0  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.multimodal.Multiin [1]
  2                  -2  1         0  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.multimodal.Multiin [2]
  3                   1  1       464  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [3, 16, 3, 2]
  4                  -1  1      2368  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [16, 32, 3, 2, 1, 2]
  5                  -1  1      5792  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [32, 64, 1, False, 0.25]
  6                  -1  1      9344  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [64, 64, 3, 2, 1, 4]
  7                  -1  1     74368  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [64, 128, 1, True]
  8                  -1  1     17792  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.DSConv           [128, 128, 3, 2]
  9                  -1  2    180864  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.A2C2f.A2C2f        [128, 128, 2, True, 4]
 10                  -1  1     34432  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.DSConv           [128, 256, 3, 2]
 11                  -1  2    689408  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.A2C2f.A2C2f        [256, 256, 2, True, 1]
 12                   2  1       464  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [3, 16, 3, 2]
 13                  -1  1      2368  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [16, 32, 3, 2, 1, 2]
 14                  -1  1      5792  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [32, 64, 1, False, 0.25]
 15                  -1  1      9344  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [64, 64, 3, 2, 1, 4]
 16                  -1  1     74368  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [64, 128, 1, True]
 17                  -1  1     17792  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.DSConv           [128, 128, 3, 2]
 18                  -1  2    180864  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.A2C2f.A2C2f        [128, 128, 2, True, 4]
 19                  -1  1     34432  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.DSConv           [128, 256, 3, 2]
 20                  -1  2    689408  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.A2C2f.A2C2f        [256, 256, 2, True, 1]
 21          [7, 9, 11]  1    273536  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.HyperACE        [128, 128, 1, 4, True, True, 0.5, 1, 'both']
 22                  -1  1         0  torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample         [None, 2, 'nearest']
 23                  21  1     33280  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DownsampleConv  [128]
 24             [9, 21]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 25             [7, 22]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 26            [11, 23]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 27                  -1  1         0  torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample         [None, 2, 'nearest']
 28            [-1, 24]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]
 29                  -1  1    115328  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [384, 128, 1, True]
 30            [-1, 21]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 31                  29  1         0  torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample         [None, 2, 'nearest']
 32            [-1, 25]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]
 33                  -1  1     35136  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [256, 64, 1, True]
 34                  22  1      8320  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [128, 64, 1, 1]
 35            [33, 34]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 36                  -1  1     36992  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [64, 64, 3, 2]
 37            [-1, 30]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]
 38                  -1  1     90752  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [192, 128, 1, True]
 39            [-1, 21]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 40                  38  1    147712  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [128, 128, 3, 2]
 41            [-1, 26]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]
 42                  -1  1    345344  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [384, 256, 1, True]
 43            [-1, 23]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 44        [16, 18, 20]  1    273536  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.HyperACE        [128, 128, 1, 4, True, True, 0.5, 1, 'both']
 45                  -1  1         0  torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample         [None, 2, 'nearest']
 46                  44  1     33280  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DownsampleConv  [128]
 47            [18, 44]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 48            [16, 45]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 49            [20, 46]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 50                  -1  1         0  torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample         [None, 2, 'nearest']
 51            [-1, 47]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]
 52                  -1  1    115328  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [384, 128, 1, True]
 53            [-1, 44]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 54                  52  1         0  torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample         [None, 2, 'nearest']
 55            [-1, 48]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]
 56                  -1  1     35136  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [256, 64, 1, True]
 57                  45  1      8320  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [128, 64, 1, 1]
 58            [56, 57]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 59                  -1  1     36992  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [64, 64, 3, 2]
 60            [-1, 53]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]
 61                  -1  1     90752  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [192, 128, 1, True]
 62            [-1, 44]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 63                  61  1    147712  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [128, 128, 3, 2]
 64            [-1, 49]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]
 65                  -1  1    345344  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.DSC3k2          [384, 256, 1, True]
 66            [-1, 46]  1         1  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.FullPAD_Tunnel  []
 67            [35, 58]  1     11691  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.CGAFusion.CGAFusion[64]
 68            [39, 62]  1     33523  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.CGAFusion.CGAFusion[128]
 69            [43, 66]  1    107907  ultralytics.nn.AddModules.CGAFusion.CGAFusion[256]
 70        [67, 68, 69]  1    432427  ultralytics.nn.modules.head.Detect           [9, [64, 128, 256]]
YOLOv13-late-CGAFusion summary: 1,242 layers, 4,788,026 parameters, 4,788,010 gradients, 12.6 GFLOPs